This website is about the report of research about “The Document about Wang Jingxiang(王敬祥關係文書)”.The work mainly consists of the following four parts:(1)Shooting “The Document about Wang Jingxiang” which is in possession of Hyogo Prefectural Museum of History and its disclosure;(2)Cataloging the documents and explaining each document;(3)Republication and checking of the documents;(4)Summarizing preexistent research about Wang Jingxiang and “The Document about Wang Jingxiang”.

This work is on the basis of “The project of digitalizing research products of Kobe University in 2003” in Kobe Univ. Library.

1. Priority Research about “The Document about Wang Jingxiang”
   The name of “the Document about Wang Jingxiang” was given into the birth when “The Catalog of The Document about Wang Jingxiang(王敬祥關係文書目録)” was edited(August 1996). And theretofore, we had not had the name of “The Document about Wang Jingxiang” which all of the related document constitute. However, we named all of the documents as “The Document about Wang Jingxiang” in order to hasten the project and avoid troubles. Principally, the following description about the Wang and “The Document about Wang Jingxiang” is guided by “The General Outline of “The Document about Wang Jingxiang”(王敬祥關係文書の概要)” written by Wang Bailin(王柏林) and Matsumoto Takehiko(松本武彦)[1], “About “The Document about Wang Jingxiang”(「王敬祥關係文書」について)”[2] unless we especially inform.
   1. Shooting and Disclosure of “The Document about Wang Jingxiang”
      From the end of 1950s to 1970s, Kobe Overseas Chinese Association(神戸華僑總會) and the Consulate General of “Republic of China” in Osaka shot and duplicated a part of “The Document about Wang Jingxiang” under the permission from Wang Chongshan(王重山)(the first son of Jingxiang) and Wang Bailin(the first son of Chongshan).

      Around 1966(centennial Sun Yat-sen’s birth), “The Photograph Collection of Dr.Sun Yat-sen and Japan(孫文先生と日本關係畫史)” carried one part of “The Document about Wang Jingxiang”[3].

      In 1981, Mr.Wang Bailin attended the 70th commemoration of Chinese revolution held in Beijing, and offered some pictures of “The Document about Wang Jingxiang” to a publisher in Beijing[4].

      After 1980s, Chinese researchers who visited Kobe University duplicated a part of “The Document of Wang Jingxiang” through Mr.Chen Deren(陳徳仁).

      In 1990s, “Special Feature : Kobe’s Overseas Chinese(神戸の華僑)”, [Sociological Review of Kobe University] no.7[5]and “The Record of Fujian Center(福建公所今昔録)” written by Wu Bailin(呉柏林)[6]carried a part of “The Document about Wang Jingxiang” and a part of pictures which belong to Mr.Wang (they are not included in “The Document about Wang Jingxiang”).

      From 1992 to 1993, Mr.Yasui Sankichi(安井三吉) and Mr.Wang Bailin shot “The Document about Wang Jingxiang” in black and white with microfilm. In February 1993 they donated the microfilm to Kobe University Library for Humanities(神戸大學附屬圖書館人文科學圖書館)[7].

      In 1997, Kobe City Museum exhibited one part of “The Document about Wang Jingxiang” and pictures which belong to Mr.Wang on the special exhibition: “The Sea Route between Japan and China : 2000 Years of History(日中歴史海道2000年)”[8].

      In March 2000, Mr.Wang Bailin donated “The Document about Wang Jingxiang” to Hyogo Prefecture. Hyogo Prefecture decided to be stored in the documents repository of Hyogo Prefectural Museum of History in Himeji(姫路), which is well equipped about temperature and humidity control. Subsequently, “The Property of Hyogo Prefectural Museum of History, Vol.2(兵庫縣立歴史博物館館藏品選集Ⅱ)”[9]carried one part of “The Document about Wang Jingxiang”.

      In November of the same year, Mr.Wang Bailin donated black-and-white duplication of “The Document about Wang Jingxiang” to Central Library of Kobe City[10].

      Then, from 2000 to 2001, “Roots in a New Homeland(落地生根)” edited by Kobe-Osaka Chinese Association(神阪中華會館)[11], “Wang Jingxiang” written by Miwa Masato(三輪雅人)[12], and “The Handbook of Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hall(孫中山記念館概要)”[13]carried some parts of “The Document about Wang Jingxiang” and pictures which is in possession of Mr.Wang.

      Besides, Mr.Wang’s pictures which do not hold “The Document about Wang Jingxiang” are reproduced. In 1950s, Mr.Chen Deren who had collected documents about Kobe’s Overseas Chinese photocopied a photograph including Sun Yat-sen and Wang Jingxiang at Villa Shokai(松海別莊) which belonged to Wu Jintang(呉錦堂)(“Dear Browsers” in this website). Presently, this picture is magnified and placed at Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hall in Maiko(舞子), Kobe.

   2. Catalog Arrangement of “The Document about Wang Jingxiang” and Explanation of Each Document
      In the late 1980s, Mr.Wang Bailin and Mr.Matsumoto Takehiko had known each other when Mr.Chen Deren introduce them. In 1992, Mr.Wang and Mr.Matsumoto began to arrange “The Document about Wang Jingxiang” through volantary cooperation of researchers and Kobe’s Overseas Chinese.In August of the same year, they completed its arrangement and edited the catalog(just in this time, the name of “The Document about Wang Jingxiang” was brought into being)[14]. This catalog has some importance; firstly, it has prevented scatter of “The Document about Wang Jingxiang” and established the grounds for its storage: Secondly, “The Document about Wang Jingxiang” has served convenience to researchers who study Kobe’s Overseas Chinese and Chinese revolution.

      After 2000, Jiang Haibo(蒋海波) started to decipher “The Document about Wang Jingxiang” while he studied the history of Kobe’s Overseas Chinese in the end of Qing dynasty and the beginning of Republic of China. On the process of that work, he figured out inadequency in “The Catalog of The Document about Wang Jingxiang”(describing later)[15].

   3. Republication and check of “The Document about Wang Jingxiang”
      Around 1952, persons related to the Kuomintang(Taipei) did republication and check of the documents that Sun Yat-sen wrote to Wang Jingxiang of “The Document about Wang Jingxiang”[16].

      Although it is not known the time, Mr.Chen Guting(陳固亭), researcher from Taipei to Kobe, also found out 3 autograph documents from Sun Yat-sen to Wang Jingxiang and 15 autograph documents from Chen Jimei(陳其美) to Wang Jingxiang and so on. Mr.Chen wrote that “The Document about Wang Jingxiang” mainly consisted of research discussion of contact between Chinese Revolutionary Party and overseas Chinese, recruitment of budget and so on[17](Mr.Wang and Mr.Matsumoto do not mention that). Presently, we can see “The Document about Wang Jingxiang” consists of these documents : 2 autograph documents from Sun Yat-sen to Wang Jingxiang[18], 1 autograph memorandum and 1 autograph document from Chen Jimei to Wang Jingxiang, total 2 documents[19], 1 wet duplicated document from Chen Jimei to Wang Jingxiang[20], 12 envelops without letters from Chen Jimei to Wang Jingxiang(the letters have been lost)[21].

      In 1981, Mr.Chen Deren, the curator of Kobe Overseas Chinese History Museum at that time, did republication and check of “The Document about Wang Jingxiang” with Mr.Zeng Jianqing(曾健卿) and Mr.Lan Pu(藍璞), teachers of Kobe Chinese School(神戸中華同文學校), in order to prepare for “Chinese Revolution and Kobe”, special exhibition of the 70th anniversary of Chinese revolution held at the museum[22].

      In 1988, Mr.Chen Shunchen(陳舜臣), Mr.Lan Pu, Mr.Yamada Keizo(山田敬三)(Prof. of Kobe Univ. at that time), Mr. Liu Kejian(劉克儉)(officer of Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hall Foundation at that time) did republication and check of “The Document about Wang Jingxiang”, but have held it ever since[23].

   4. Priority Research about Wang Jingxiang and “The Document about Wang Jingxiang”
      In 1963, Mr.Chen Shunchen, Kobe’s Overseas Chinese and writer, introduced “The Document about Wang Jingxiang” to a town magazine, then it has been famous among the people in Kobe[24].

      From 1980s to 1990s, through the establishment of Association for Sun Yat-sen Studies(孫文研究會)(June 1982), the establishment of Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hall(November 1984) and the establishment of the Kobe Society for the Study of Chinese Overseas(神戸華僑研究會、のち神戸華僑華人研究會)(May 1987), the place was set that researchers and overseas Chinese and the people in Kobe got together and studied the history of overseas Chinese in Kyoto, Osaka and Kobe region. “Sun Yat-sen and Kobe(孫文と神戸)” written by Chen Deren and Yasui Sankichi[25], “The 1911 Revolution and Kobe(辛亥革命と神戸)” edited by Chen Deren[26], “Sun Yat-sen and Wu Jintang(孫文と呉錦堂――移情閣遺聞)” written by Nakamura Tetsuo(中村哲夫)[27]and “Special Feature : Kobe’s Overseas Chinese”, [Sociological Review of Kobe University] no.7 are given into birth under such surroundings. Each writing refers to Wang Jingxiang’s support on Sun Yat-sen’s revolutionary movement. “Special Feature” of [Sociological Review of Kobe University] cites the record of the history about Mr.Wang Bailin’s family[28].

      After 1996, Mr.Matsumoto Takehiko who had utilized documents of Foreign Affairs in Japan and periodical publication, and had studied the relationship between overseas Chinese in Japan and Chinese revolution[29]introduced Wang Jingxiang and “The Document about Wang Jingxiang” basically with Mr.Wang Bailin[30]. Mr.Matsumoto also utilized “The Document about Wang Jingxiang” and arranged Wang Jingxiang’s support on Sun Yat-sen’s revolutionary movement[31].

      Mr.Miwa Masato focussed on some documents from Sun Yat-sen to Wang Jingxiang in “The Document about Wang Jingxiang”, and introduced Wang Jingxiang who supported Sun Yat-sen’s revolutionary movement[32].

      Mr.Suwaki Ichiro(洲脇一郎) and Ms.Chen Laixing(陳來幸) wrote the history of Wang Guozhen(王國珍)(father in law of Wang Jingxiang) and Wang Jingxiang, and Fuxing Chop(復興號)(Guozhen and Jingxiang’s trading company)[33].

      Jiang Haibo described the episode of support of Sun Yat-sen’s revolutionary movement which had been done by Kobe’s Overseas Chinese including Wang Jingxiang and Yang Shoupeng(楊壽彭), with “The National Magazine(國民雜誌)” which was the combined organization magazine of each branch of Kuomintang(國民黨) in Japan(April-September 1913) and “The Document about Wang Jingxiang”. Then, “Ten-day Report of Military Department(軍事部旬報)”, inner magazine of military department of Chinese Revolutinal Party(中華革命黨), was used together[34], clarified the role of Wang Jingxiang during the Chinese Revolutionary Party; attempt of armed uprising in Fujian(福建) to suppress Yuan Shikai(袁世凱) with one of “The Document about Wang Jingxiang” which Liu Zuocheng(劉佐成), Huang Boqun(黄伯群), relied on financial aid of Kobe-Osaka branch of Chinese Revolutionary Party and Wang Jingxiang[35].

      In Taiwan, Mr.Jiang Baiwei(江柏煒) arranged the personal histories of the Wang family(Mingyu(明玉), Jingxiang and Chongshan(重山)) and construction style of “The 18 halls of Zhongbu, Shanhou Village(山后中堡十八間)”, and described the relationship between their sense of value for hometown(Shanhou, Jinmen) and construction style of their village[36].

      In addition, please refer to “The Catalog of Reference(参考文獻目録)”(in Japanese and Chinese) of this site.

2. Research Study about “The Document about Wang Jingxiang” on This Time
   1. Shooting and Disclosure of “The Document about Wang Jingxiang”
      In March 2003, “The Document about Wang Jingxiang” that has been in possession of Hyogo Prefectural Museum of History was shot in color with microfilm. Then, in February 2004, the document was digitalized from microfilm, and it has been disclosed through internet from Kobe University Digital Library(Research Product)[37].
   2. Catalog Arrangement of “The Document about Wang Jingxiang” and Explanation of Each Document
      Since 2000, Jiang Haibo has examined “The Document about Wang Jingxiang” in order to study the history of Kobe’s Overseas Chinese around the end of Qing dynasty and the beginning of Republic of China. He pointed out following perplexities and inadequacy of “The Catalog of The Document about Wang Jingxiang” in the process.

      (i)There are many envelopes without letters. Generally speaking, it is unusual to keep only envelopes without letters. As the reason of that, the letters were got out, or the letters were not put into envelopes after getting out. However, there is no means of ascertaining these things at this point.

      (ii)In “The Catalog of The Document about Wang Jingxiang”, there were different document numbers on each part of letter and envelope that were supposed to be same as each other.

      If the letters were kept with envelopes, we can ascertain the accurate when the epistles were written through the letter stamps. On the other side, (i) and (ii) make it impossible, therefore the only thing we can do is to conjecture the date the letter was written by means of its content.

      (iii)In “The Catalog of The Document about Wang Jingxiang”, there are documents whose subjects and dates of writing are not written or vague or inaccurate.

      Given the factor, following sakes are set up when the documents are arranged and complemented. We show the results with the aims.

      (i)To fill in the gaps of documents which are not registered “The Catalog of The Document about Wang Jingxiang”. On this time, one document is eked out and put document number 0176.

      (ii)In “The Catalog of The Document about Wang Jingxiang”, some of the documents are numbered different number on each envelopes and letters now, which are supposed to belong same pairs, we number them on same pairs. On this time, 176 documents are made arrangement to be 161 documents.

      (iii)Because some documents are not signed, ambiguous or inaccurate about their subjects and dates of writing, the documents need to be complemented, ascertained and amended. On this time, 161 documents are entitled. Then, we draw up 117 documents in order of the date of writing and number them.

      (iv)We put a short explanation on each document.

   3. Republication and check of “The Document about Wang Jingxiang”
      53 documents which are especially important as researches of Kobe’s Overseas Chinese and/or Chinese Revolution have been done republication and check on this time. We have referred to “The Complete Works of Dr.Sun Yat-sen(國父全集)”, “革命文獻”(note 16) and the draft of republication and check belonging to Kobe Overseas Chinese History Museum(note 23) so that we could make accurate edition.

      From now on, we expect to republicate and check all documents of “The Document about Wang Jingxiang”, so we cover all collections of reference, newspaper and magazines carried articles about Wang Jingxiang and intend to republicate and check them.

   4. Research about Wang Jingxiang and “The Document about Wang Jingxiang”

      We make “The Chronological Table of Wang Jingxiang(王敬祥の活動年表)” on this time. This is the thing we amend “The Catalog of The Document about Wang Jingxiang” written by Wang Bailin and Matsumoto Takehiko[38] with the support of priority research about Wang Jingxiang and “The Document about Wang Jingxiang”(refer to “The Catalog of Reference(参考文獻目録)”.

3. The Structure of This Website
   We would like you to refer to 2-(2) above about the explanation of the catalog of “The Document about Wang Jingxiang”.

   Please refer to 2-(1) and 2-(3) above if you are going to get more information about explanation of the graphics and republication of the document(glass view).

   Also, 2-(4) above will explain about “The Chronological Table of Wang Jingxiang”.

   If you refer to “The Catalog of Reference” above, you can get informed about priority research.

In setting up this website, we can not make it without various people and research institutions. Hyogo Prefectural Museum of History was willing to cooperate when we shot and reprinted “The Document about Wang Jingxiang”. Kyoto University Library, Kobe Overseas Chinese History Museum, Central Library of Kobe City, Library for Cross-Cultural Studies(國際文化學圖書館), Humanities, Social Sciences(社會科學系圖書館) in Kobe University, and Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hall also assisted in term of browsing resources by special grace. Ms.Mizoguchi Ayumi(溝口歩)(Graduate School of Cultural Studies and Human Science(總合人間科學研究科)) cooperated in writing the draft. Now we appreciate them all again.

Besides, Mr.Ishizaka Yasuo(石坂泰郎) and Ms.Hyodo Naoe(兵頭尚恵) incorporated this research into “The project of digitalizing research products of Kobe University in 2003” in Kobe Univ. Library, and also undertook business chores willingly. Finally we must thank you for both of them.

This page has been written in Japanese by Mr. Wang Bailin(curator of Kobe Overseas Chinese History Museum), Kubo Juntaro(久保純太郎)(Graduate School of Humanities and Social Sciences(文化學研究科)), Jiang Haibo(officer of Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hall), and Mr.Yasui Sankichi(professor of Faculty of Cross-Cultural Studies(國際文化學部)).

(Composer : Jiang Haibo and Kubo Juntaro, in March 2004)
(Translator : Wakamatsu Hiroki(若松宏樹)(Graduate School of International Cooperation Studies(國際協力研究科)), in July 2004)

[1]王柏林・松本武彦編『王敬祥關係文書目録』非賣品,1996年8月、所收。
[2]『孫文研究』第28號,2000年7月、所收。
[3]羅家倫・陶希聖・波多博・太田宇之助・嘉治隆一監修『孫文先生と日本關係畫史――孫文先生と日本關係寫眞集』東京:中華民國國父孫文先生百年誕辰記念會,出版年月不詳。As an explanatory note, we mainly use the data belonging to Kuomintang, and “recently, use a study of the data from Republic of China Embassy in Japan”.
[4]中國新聞社編『紀念辛亥革命七十周年』北京:中國新聞社,1981年10月。
[5]王柏林「金門島山後[后]郷王家三代記――神戸に定着した一華僑家族の記録」1990年3月。
[6]『福建公所今昔録――財團法人福建會館的創立及其現況』神戸:財團法人福建會館事務局,1990年3月。
[7]名稱「王敬祥關係文書(microfilm)」、請求番號「289-2-OKE」。
[8]神戸市立博物館編『日中歴史海道2000年』神戸:神戸市立博物館,1997年8月。
[9]姫路:兵庫縣立歴史博物館,2002年4月。名稱「王敬祥文書」、資料臺帳番號「00-149」。
[10]It’s printed and bound contents of microfilm. 名稱「王敬祥關係文書」、請求番號「Pオウ」。
[11]『落地生根――神戸華僑と神阪中華會館の百年』東京:研文出版,2000年2月。
[12]「王敬祥――孫文を支えた神戸華僑」(馬場憲二・管宗次編『關西黎明期の群像』大阪:和泉書院,2000年5月)。
[13]神戸:財團法人孫中山記念會,2001年6月。
[14]王柏林・松本武彦編『王敬祥關係文書目録』非賣品,1996年8月第１刷。同年11月第2刷。Issued by Wang Bailin(王柏林), addressed in Fujian Center(財團法人福建會館(神戸)), printed and bound by Rokko Publish Co.(株式會社六甲出版).
[15]「辛亥革命時期神戸華僑の政治活動について――「王敬祥關係文書」を中心に」(『神戸大學史學年報』第18號,2003年6月)。「神戸華僑と中華革命黨――「王敬祥關係文書」を中心に」(孫文研究會編『辛亥革命の多元構造』東京:汲古書院,2003年12月)。
[16]中華革命黨に關する資料集(中國國民黨中央委員會黨史史料編纂委員會(現、中國國民党中央委員會黨史委員會)編『革命文獻』)、孫文の文集(秦孝儀主編『國父全集』臺北:近代中國出版社)に見ることができる。
[17]陳固亭「英士先生留日軼事」(徐詠平『民國陳英士先生其美年譜』臺北:臺灣商務印書館,1980年5月,406頁)。
[18]文書番號0088,0163。
[19]文書番號0070,0098。
[20]文書番號0110。
[21]文書番號0040,0043,0044,0045,0046,0049,0050,0052,0057,0058,0069,0113。
[22]陳徳仁編『辛亥革命と神戸』神戸:孫中山記念館,1986年11月。
[23]One part of draft of republication and checking has been in possession of Kobe Overseas Chinese History Museum. However, it is uncertain taha the draft was written by Mr. Chen Deren in 1981 or by Mr. Chen Shunchen in 1988 because of no signature.
[24]「ふるい手紙」(『月刊神戸っ子』第24號,1963年3月)。
[25]神戸:神戸新聞出版センター,1985年10月。Amendment version was published by Kobe Shimbun General Publication Center(神戸新聞總合出版センター) in January 2002.
[26]note22.
[27]京都:阿吽社,1990年3月。
[28]note5.
[29]「中華民國僑商統一連[聯]合會の成立と性格――辛亥革命に對する在日華僑の一對應」(1984年2月)、「辛亥革命時期の在日華僑敢死隊について」(1984年8月)、「對日ボイコットと在日華僑――第二辰丸事件をめぐって」(1985年9月)、「民國成立期の政治情勢と日本華僑」(1989年5月)、「日本華僑と孫文の革命運動(1895～1912年)」(1993年6月)、「神戸日華實業協會の成立について」(1995年11月)などがある。
[30]王柏林・松本武彦「王敬祥關係文書の概要」「王敬祥關係年譜」(note1『王敬祥關係文書目録』)。
[31]「孫中山と王敬祥」(日本孫文研究會・神戸華僑華人研究會編『孫文と華僑』東京:汲古書院,1999年3月)。
[32]note12.
[33]洲脇一郎「中華會館前史――明治前期の神戸華僑」、陳來幸「中華會館の創建と發展」(note11『落地生根』)。
[34]Kayano Nagatomo who participated in the activities of Chinese Revolutionary Party recorded and collected with 久保田文次編『萱野長知・孫文關係史料集』高知:高知市民圖書館,2001年3月.
[35]note15.
[36]「晩清時期的華僑家族及其僑資聚落：福建金門山后王氏中堡之案例研究」(『金門建築史研究論文集(Ⅰ)』金門:金門縣立文化中心,2003年5月)。
[37]URL is https://da.lib.kobe-u.ac.jp/da/sc/cate_browse/?lang=1&codeno=001&schemaid=40000&catecode=001031
[38]note1『王敬祥關係文書目録』、所収。note30.